Uncovering the inside story of campus loan ＂high interest lending＂： attracting students with various sweetness

　　Recently, there have been many vicious incidents caused by campus loans, among which several college students in Fujian committed suicide because they owed a high amount of campus loans. Campus loan has caused many problems, among which, of course, some college students are ahead of luxury consumption, but the problem of campus loan platform can not be ignored, and some even listed the "original sin" of campus loan. Where is the most critical issue of campus loan? The "Legal Daily" reporter conducted an in-depth investigation.

　　□ Reporter Zhao Li Liu Xueyan

　　"I am a college student with a loan of more than 100,000 yuan. This is my letter last year, which is a bit dark."

　　Xiao Ming, who was sitting in front of the reporter, said frankly that he had started to borrow money since he was admitted to the university. He had already borrowed money from four campus lending platforms.

　　"The immorality of the campus staging platform is that it is clear that college students have a strong desire for consumption, but they have no excellent repayment ability and are not strictly audited. This is the root cause of all the problems of campus loans. It should be said that the original intention of campus loan is good, which solves the just-needed needs of some students and reduces the economic burden. However, the campus loan platform neither discriminates students’ repayment ability, but also deliberately guides them to make high consumption, and even displays luxury goods in a big layout. This motivation is worth pondering. " As a frequent customer of loans, Xiao Ming said so.

　　Indeed, some students realize their entrepreneurial dreams through campus loans, and some students live in debt for years. The bipolar evaluation of campus loan makes it wander between angels and demons.

　　Attract students with all kinds of sweetness

　　Xiao Ming came into contact with loans very early, and the earliest time was in November 2012. The reason for the loan is very simple. The family is financially strapped and uses the national student loan to go to college. "At that time, online lending had not yet arisen, and I did not borrow money from the college student loan platform." Xiao Ming told reporters that from 2012 to 2014, although campus loans still did not enter the field of vision of most students, various staged advertisements were already covered with campus toilets, and at the same time, associations and event sponsors came to the school to set up stalls to sell mobile phones. "At that time, the advertisements were also ‘ Down payment ××××, take it home with your mobile phone ’ " .

　　In Xiao Ming’s view, this kind of advertisement generally claims simple procedures and high amount of money, but avoids talking about the handling fee. "I have a classmate who has handled this kind of business and bought an Apple mobile phone. After all, it costs two or three thousand yuan more than the regular price of the mobile phone, and the annual interest rate exceeds 50%."

　　Xiao Ming told reporters that after 2014, the campus staging platform began to be widely promoted on bus platforms in large and medium-sized cities, especially around universities. However, there is a phenomenon that is changing, that is, the handling fee is much lower. "And in order to acquire new users, the platform has also invested heavily. The first order is interest-free, and all kinds of cash withdrawals are interest-free. At that time, I only got interest-free loans from installment music, interesting installment and excellent installment. The amount exceeded 40,000 yuan." Xiao Ming said.

　　According to Xiao Ming, when campus loans enter the university campus, as long as they pass the face-to-face signing of the platform, new users can get all kinds of gifts, so that students can taste the sweetness without spending a cent. "Later, the competition became increasingly fierce, and the service providers burned almost all their money. Only then did they slowly cancel or reduce the benefits of new users, but they still engaged in profit-making activities during the school year." Xiao Ming said that later, many platforms launched visa-free services, and from then on, reports of students being stolen to participate in campus loans often appeared.

　　High bad debt rate leads to high interest.

　　During the visit, some insiders told reporters that for college students, the monthly living expenses are limited, and sometimes there will be cases of purchasing things outside the basic living security. As a result, students who apply for loans actually don’t have much money to repay loans. At this time, they dare not tell their families that they can only continue to borrow money to repay loans, and the more they borrow, the more they borrow. Especially for students who borrow from bad campus loan platforms, they seem to have entered a "dead end".

　　Jing Wong, who is in charge of lending business in an asset management company in Beijing, told reporters that the core problem of campus lending is actually the bad debt rate. "The bad debt rate is also a thing that all platforms are secretive about. Everyone is avoiding this issue and is unwilling to say it. At present, the bad debt rate of the campus loan platform is too high, and two of the 10 single businesses may have bad debts. I once came into contact with a list of bad debts in a friend’s company. This student has borrowed money from four platforms, and all of them have not been paid. The credit information system is still not perfect, and all platforms can’t avoid this kind of repeated lending. "

　　Since the bad debt rate is high, how can the campus loan platform protect the capital? Insiders told reporters that the solution of campus loan platform is high interest.

　　"The interest rates of campus loans are ridiculously high, and this figure will get higher and higher with the increase of bad debt rate. At the same time, the stability of the entire campus loan financial chain is getting worse and worse, which is a vicious circle. High interest rate means high bad debts, and high bad debts mean higher interest rates. As the last link of this game, poor college students have no home to look forward to. " In Jing Wong’s view, many college students now borrow money from this platform to pay back the money from that platform. This situation is not surprising at all. "The game can only be played like this in the end. As a platform, he only cares about whether his money can be recovered, as long as it is not the last one. "

　　However, the reporter noted that in the official caliber of many campus loan platforms, the bad debt rate is below 1%.

　　"Many years ago, the state canceled the long-term losses of banks in handling student credit cards and student loans, and the official data of bad debt rate was as high as 8%, which also explained the hidden dangers behind the staging platform for college students." Jing Wong said.

　　The service fee is higher than the interest

　　In addition, there is a secret that can’t be told to students on the campus loan platform — — Service fees and other additional fees.

　　Generally speaking, the profit of campus loan platform mainly depends on interest and service fees, and some staged shopping guide platforms will charge the shopping guide fees of channel providers. In other words, the campus loan platform either puts the interest rate of loans from P2P companies back on students, or bargains with e-commerce, which is the profit model of "low gross profit of goods+high repayment interest rate" or "high gross profit of goods+low repayment interest rate".

　　"Here, we don’t discuss the roundabout between the campus loan platform and e-commerce, but only the things between the platform and the students. In campus loan service, the cost of student loans generally includes two aspects, on the one hand, loan interest, on the other hand, service fees, handling fees, production costs and other expenses. And ‘ The interest rate is as low as 0.99% per month ’ ‘ Zero down payment and zero interest ’ These words are too attractive for college students who are not deeply involved in the world. Some students only notice the low interest rate, but ignore the high cost of comprehensive borrowing. " Jing Wong said that in fact, many campus loan platforms are false propaganda. According to the survey, the annualized loan interest rate of pure campus loan platform is generally between 10% and 25%, and the installment shopping platform is even higher. The annualized interest rate of most products is above 20%, while some platforms are seemingly interest-free and low-interest, but in fact they take advantage of the lack of financial knowledge of college students. Once some unspecified service fees, management fees, transaction fees and other expenses are added up, they are even higher than interest, and some platforms increase interest in disguise.

　　Cartography/Gao Yue