Our commentator Fan Dazhao

　　Today’s editorial

　　The real estate industry has a large scale, a long chain and a wide range of aspects, and it occupies a fairly high share in the national economy, the fixed assets investment of the whole society, the local fiscal revenue and the total loans of financial institutions. All localities should strive to stabilize land prices, house prices and expectations, strengthen the coordination of regulatory policies such as finance, land and market supervision, meet the reasonable credit demand of housing enterprises, and keep the bottom line of no systemic risks. The real estate industry should also explore new development models and find new growth points to make urban and rural people live more conveniently, comfortably and beautifully.

　　In 2021, the Central Economic Work Conference made important arrangements for promoting the virtuous circle and healthy development of the real estate industry, urban construction and rural construction, and proposed to adhere to the positioning that houses are used for living, not for speculation, strengthen expected guidance, and explore new development models; Promote the construction of affordable housing and support the commercial housing market to better meet the reasonable housing needs of buyers. Wang Menghui, Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, told the media recently that real estate should not be used as a tool and means to stimulate the economy in the short term, and a long-term mechanism for real estate should be implemented steadily next year, so as to promote the virtuous circle and healthy development of the real estate industry.

　　Since the implementation of the long-term real estate mechanism, with the joint efforts of all parties, China’s real estate market has been generally stable. In the second half of this year, the real estate market is expected to change significantly. According to the November data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the sales prices of commercial housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities continued to decline month-on-month, and the year-on-year growth rate continued to fall, and the market showed a cooling trend. It is worth noting that this year 1-mdash; In November, the national real estate development investment also showed a downward trend month by month.

　　At present, the real estate market is cold, which is influenced by the factors of debt default risk of individual real estate head enterprises, and also the result of the bottleneck of real estate development and operation mode. Real estate has long followed the development model of "high debt, high leverage and high turnover". Under the pressure of continuous regulation, market cooling and difficult financing, housing enterprises are often in trouble because they are unsustainable. The current downturn in the real estate market once again proves that the urban and rural construction mode of "massive construction, massive consumption and massive emission" is unsustainable. This development mode does not meet the requirements of high-quality development, but also accumulates many potential risks.

　　Next year, China’s economic development will face triple pressures of shrinking demand, supply shock and expected weakening, and the external environment will become more complicated, severe and uncertain. The more we face the downward pressure on the economy, the more we must recognize the situation and maintain strategic strength. The fundamentals of China’s economic stability and long-term improvement have not changed, and China’s development is still in an important period of strategic opportunities. Similarly, the fundamentals of China’s real estate market have not changed, and housing demand is still strong. At present, China is still in the stage of rapid urbanization, with more than 11 million newly employed people in cities and towns every year, which brings a lot of new housing demand. At the same time, a large number of old houses built before 2000 are small in area, poor in quality and incomplete in supporting facilities, and there is a strong demand for improved housing for residents.

　　In the new development period, the real estate industry should not be regarded as a tool for wealth accumulation, but should return to the normal track of serving people’s livelihood and meeting consumer demand. Housing and urban and rural construction are the largest domestic consumer market, and are important areas for steady growth, expanding domestic demand and building a strong domestic market. Real estate enterprises should not only face up to the immediate difficulties, but also firmly develop their confidence. At the same time, all localities should take "ensuring the delivery of buildings, people’s livelihood and stability" as the primary goal, and take the rule of law and marketization as the principle to ensure that the interests of buyers are not lost. Relevant departments should speed up the approval and lending of personal mortgage loans, focus on meeting the needs of the first suite and improvement, and promote the normal release of housing purchases. All localities and departments should actively maintain the smooth operation of the real estate market and better meet the reasonable housing needs of consumers.

　　The real estate industry should also play an important role in stabilizing the macro-economy. The real estate industry is large in scale, long in chain, and involves a wide range. It occupies a fairly high share in the national economy, fixed assets investment of the whole society, local fiscal revenue, and total loans of financial institutions, and has an important systematic impact on economic and financial stability and risk prevention. All localities should strive to stabilize land prices, house prices and expectations, strengthen the coordination of regulatory policies such as finance, land and market supervision, meet the reasonable credit demand of housing enterprises, and keep the bottom line of no systemic risks.

　　Hold the bottom line of the real estate industry, but also to explore new development models and find new growth points. The high-speed and large-scale construction in the past 40 years has accumulated some hidden risks, and disasters and accidents such as aging underground pipelines, urban waterlogging and gas explosion frequently occur, which urgently need to be updated and reformed. Real estate enterprises should actively participate in the transformation and upgrading of urban construction, promote the high-quality development of housing and urban and rural construction, promote their own development with new growth points, stabilize the macro-economy, and make urban and rural people live more conveniently, comfortably and better.

　　Recently, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and Technology issued "Several Opinions on Standardizing the Use of Relevant Indicators of SCI Papers in Colleges and Universities and Establishing Correct Evaluation Orientation" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"), which put forward clear requirements for breaking the "SCI supremacy" of papers.

　　"Colleges and universities should take breaking the paper" ‘SCI first "as a breakthrough, make a small incision and make a big turn, come up with practical and hard moves with strong pertinence and operability, break the" only paper "and establish a correct evaluation orientation." The head of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Education said.

　　The related indexes of SCI papers are directly used for scientific research evaluation, which has great limitations.

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly pointed out at the National Education Conference that it is necessary to deepen the reform of the education system, improve the implementation mechanism of moral education, reverse the unscientific orientation of education evaluation, resolutely overcome the stubborn disease of only grades, only studies, only diplomas, only papers and only hats, and fundamentally solve the baton problem of education evaluation.

　　In recent years, there is a strong voice from all walks of life to break the "SCI supremacy" of papers and optimize academic ecology. "The related indicators of SCI papers have become the core indicators of academic evaluation, professional title evaluation, performance appraisal, talent evaluation, subject evaluation, resource allocation, school ranking, etc., which makes the scientific research work of colleges and universities excessively pursue the related indicators of SCI papers, and even the alienation with the basic goal of publishing the number of SCI papers, high-impact papers and highly cited papers, and scientific and technological innovation has problems such as distorted value pursuit, exaggerated and impetuous style of study and quick success." The "Opinions" pointed out.

　　According to reports, SCI is a widely used index system of scientific and technological documents at home and abroad. Just like the book classification card in the library, as a classified database, it helps scientific and technological workers to consult the latest documents, track academic frontiers and carry out scientific research by counting the research fields, directions and cited frequencies of papers.

　　"The relevant indicators of SCI papers are directly used for scientific research evaluation, which has great limitations." The person in charge of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Education introduced that the essence of SCI is a document indexing system, not an evaluation system, and SCI papers cannot be simply equated with high-level papers. The number of citations reflects the attention of papers, but not the innovation level and substantive contribution. A high number of cited papers means more academic research hotspots. At the same time, the relevant indicators of SCI papers can not fully reflect the contribution of scientific and technological innovation, and are not suitable for the evaluation of technological innovation and achievement transformation.

　　Breaking the "supremacy of SCI" is not to deny SCI, nor to oppose the publication of papers.

　　What are the specific measures to standardize the use of related indicators of SCI papers in colleges and universities? The Opinions lists a "negative list":

　　Improve discipline and school evaluation. Reduce the ranking evaluation of disciplines and schools, and adhere to classification and field evaluation. In the evaluation, we should highlight the quality of innovation and actual contribution, carefully select quantitative indicators such as the number of SCI papers, and guide social institutions to scientifically carry out university evaluation rankings.

　　Optimize the evaluation and employment methods of professional titles (positions). In the evaluation and employment of professional titles (positions), it is necessary to establish a classified evaluation index system, focusing on the suitability of people and posts, and not taking the relevant indicators of SCI papers as the direct basis for the evaluation and employment of professional titles (positions) and as the precondition for the employment of personnel.

　　Reverse the utilitarian tendency of assessment and reward. It is not appropriate for schools to set requirements for academic departments and individuals’ paper indicators, and to remove the direct link between related indicators of SCI papers and resource allocation and performance rewards.

　　Scientifically set quality standards for degree awarding. Guide schools to set reasonable quality standards for degree awarding according to the characteristics of disciplines, and it is not appropriate to take the number of published SCI papers and influencing factors as restrictive conditions for students’ graduation and degree awarding.

　　Establish a correct policy orientation. Colleges and universities and their competent departments should shoulder the responsibility of leading the construction of academic culture, have confidence and determination, and do not accept the letter in public opinion propaganda, and do not publish information such as rankings compiled with the relevant indicators of SCI papers as the core.

　　Then, after the publication of the Opinions, does it mean that papers will no longer be read in various reviews in the future?

　　"This understanding is wrong. The introduction of the document breaks the paper’ SCI supremacy’, not denying SCI, nor opposing the publication of the paper." The person in charge of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Education clearly stated that papers are a manifestation of scientific and technological innovation achievements and an important carrier of academic exchanges. We encourage the publication of academic papers with high level, high quality, innovative value and service contribution. However, in academic evaluation, the innovation level can not be judged simply by the relevant indicators of SCI papers; In all kinds of evaluation activities, it is necessary to rationally use relevant indicators and adopt a comprehensive evaluation method combining qualitative and quantitative methods to guide the evaluation work to highlight scientific spirit, innovative quality and service contribution.

　　Scientific evaluation of academic level, different types of scientific research evaluation do not engage in "one size fits all"

　　How to scientifically evaluate the academic level is a complex problem, and different types of scientific research work can not be "one size fits all".

　　The "Opinions" pointed out that for basic research, papers are the main expression form of results output, and "judging papers by journals" is resolutely abandoned. The evaluation focus is on the innovation level and scientific value of papers, and the relevant indicators of SCI papers are not used as the direct judgment basis; For applied research and technological innovation, the evaluation focuses on the actual contribution to solving key technical problems in production practice, and the actual effect of bringing new technologies, new products and new processes to realize industrial application, instead of taking the paper as a single evaluation basis; Papers are generally not used as evaluation indicators for scientific research and transformation of scientific and technological achievements serving national defense.

　　"We should improve the academic peer evaluation and really play the role of peer experts. In the evaluation, guide experts to not simply replace professional judgment with relevant indicators of SCI papers, provide professional evaluation opinions responsibly, and advocate the establishment of a reputation system for evaluation experts. " The person in charge of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Education introduced that the next step is to greatly reduce the "three evaluations" such as project evaluation, talent evaluation and institutional evaluation. The evaluation indicators and methods should be fully listened to, and the evaluation methods should be representative evaluation, and the application materials should be streamlined and optimized. It is no longer required to fill in the relevant indicators of SCI papers.

　　The reporter noted that some of the Opinions were expressed as "not allowed", such as "not directly linked to SCI related indicators when allocating resources"; Some statements are "inappropriate", such as "it is not appropriate for schools to issue quantitative requirements for related indicators of SCI papers to departments and individuals in performance and employment period assessment".

　　The person in charge of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Education introduced that the use of "no" in terms of utilitarian tendencies means that it is explicitly prohibited and resolutely abandoned existing practices; The use of "inappropriate" is based on the fact that there are still great differences in the development level of colleges and universities in China, and the characteristics and requirements of different disciplines are also different, giving schools certain policy flexibility. For example, in the document, "the number of published SCI papers and impact factors should not be used as restrictive conditions for students’ graduation and degree awarding", which indicates that it is opposed to making rigid regulations at the school level. However, in the process of talent training, it is reasonable for tutors and departments to put forward corresponding requirements for students from the perspective of scientific research ability training and scientific research practice training, which is also in line with the needs of talent training.

　　"The Ministry of Education will inspect the clean-up and rectification of all units through supervision and other means. For units that do not carefully check, refuse to rectify, and have serious problems, they must adopt interviews, informed criticism, etc., and pursue leadership responsibilities. " The head of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Education said. (Reporter Zhang Shuo)