Wenzhou exploration： legislation for domestic service
Holding a code to work, tracking service, mediating disputes … "Double insurance" for employers and nannies
Looking for a nanny, everyone wants to worry.
With the advent of an aging society and the full liberalization of the two-child policy, people’s demand for domestic service is increasing day by day. However, for a long time, there have been some outstanding problems in domestic service, such as low employment threshold, lack of qualifications of some aunts, and the need to improve the credit system, which makes employers and domestic service personnel dissatisfied.
On February 5th, the Regulations on Domestic Service in Wenzhou (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) was voted by the Sixth Session of the 13th Wenzhou Municipal People’s Congress, and will be formally implemented after being approved by the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress. The "Regulations" comprehensively regulate the domestic service industry and put forward many innovative practices, which is also the first local regulation formulated by a city divided into districts in the country in the field of domestic service.
What are the requirements for a nanny to go to work? How to improve the skill level? How to deal with disputes … These common problems in domestic service can be found in the Regulations.
You can check your aunt’s identity by scanning the code without worrying.
Wenzhou family service market offers tea training classes. (Photo courtesy of Wenzhou Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security)
Datong Lane in Lucheng District of Wenzhou City is a famous "Nanny Street" in the local area.
Hundreds of meters long alleys are crowded with nearly 10 intermediaries, large and small. As soon as you turn into the alley, there will be several aunts around and pull you to ask if you want to find a nanny.
Although the family is eager to find a nanny who can take the children and clean and cook, Ms. Weng, an employee of an enterprise in Wenzhou, dare not pick up the business cards handed over by her aunts at will. Before that, she had visited a number of intermediaries and had not found a satisfactory aunt. "Some intermediaries introduced orally, and some sent me information, but I didn’t see the corresponding vouchers, so I was always uneasy."
Domestic service seems to be just a small matter such as taking care of the baby, cleaning and cooking, but it is a big deal for a family. Like Ms. Weng, the health and safety of nannies are the bottom line requirements of many employers. However, in reality, most domestic companies are intermediaries, which are responsible for recommending domestic service personnel to employers and charging a certain fee in both directions, and often cannot provide and effectively verify the relevant information of domestic service personnel.
Problem-oriented, there is a "hard bar" in the Regulations: domestic service agencies must fulfill the obligation to verify the identity information of domestic service personnel, and input their identity information, health status, employment experience and service skills into the domestic service management platform, and employee-based domestic service agencies should establish work files. Domestic service personnel should also take the initiative to truthfully explain to domestic service agencies and employers whether there are any bad hobbies or criminal records.
How to do it specifically? There are some mature examples in some places in China. Shanghai establishes a unified and unique comprehensive domestic service management platform to supervise the domestic service industry in the city; Shenzhen set up a family service industry association to jointly implement the annual inspection system of domestic company qualification certificate with the industrial and commercial departments; Wenzhou opened the first family service market led by the government in the province, and launched the "Wenzhou Family Service Cloud" APP. Anyone who enters the market needs to check …
"In the process of legislation, everyone is generally concerned about how to achieve information transparency. Therefore, the Regulations stipulate that the relevant subjects of domestic service have the obligation to disclose information, and require the domestic service management platform to generate a domestic service code after collecting information, which will be collected by domestic service personnel. Take the initiative to show it when you come to the door to facilitate consumers to scan the code for inquiry." Ye Yingbo, deputy director of the Planning Office of the Law Committee of Wenzhou Municipal People’s Congress, said that in this way, the information of domestic service personnel can be traced back.
It ensures a clear background, and the actual conduct of domestic service personnel is also a matter of great concern to employers.
Xu Haixia, the proprietress of Limin Home Economics Company, has been engaged in domestic service for more than 10 years, and is deeply troubled by the uneven quality of personnel in the industry. In her memory, like many other places, it was luck to find a nanny in Wenzhou a few years ago, and "problem nannies" occasionally appeared.
In this regard, it is clearly listed in the Regulations that domestic service personnel shall not abuse, insult, slander, abuse or beat domestic service consumers; Theft, embezzlement, fraud, intentional damage or unauthorized disposal of the financial affairs of domestic service consumers; The act of asking for or asking for additional finance in disguise.
Of course, employers use it with satisfaction, and nannies should also do it comfortably. The Regulations also require domestic service consumers to respect the personal dignity of domestic service personnel, pay relevant fees according to the agreement, provide them with necessary labor protection conditions, and guarantee their right to rest, and may not force them to provide domestic service beyond the agreement, thus "insuring" both parties.
In order to be more mandatory, the Regulations also stipulate that any domestic service provider, intermediary or consumer who violates relevant regulations shall bear corresponding legal responsibilities, with a maximum fine of 20,000 yuan, and those who constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.
Satisfactory skill training includes first aid.
2020In 2008, a competition of domestic experts was held in Wenzhou family service market, and auntie showed her baby care skills on the spot. (Photo courtesy of Wenzhou Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security)
How big is the market demand for domestic service?
According to the relevant data of the Ministry of Commerce, the average annual growth rate of China’s domestic service industry remains above 20%, and the number of employees exceeds 30 million.
Before legislation, Wenzhou Human Resources and Social Security Bureau made a survey and statistics: Wenzhou, with a population of more than 9.3 million, has a total demand of about 300,000 domestic workers, but at present there are only more than 70,000 domestic workers in the city. The size of the gap can be imagined.
For ordinary people, domestic service is a hot word that often hangs on their lips. In Wenzhou, domestic service-related work has been selected by the masses as one of the "Top Ten Livelihood Facts" projects for three consecutive years since 2019. Although the quality of domestic service industry has been greatly improved every year, it is still in a state of "low, small, scattered and weak".
Low registration cost, simple process and low requirements for skills are the "common problems" of domestic service industry in the past. Putting a table and a telephone at the entrance of the alley is a small domestic company, which obviously can’t keep up with the new requirements of the people for a better life.
"I used to take my children, eat and wear warm clothes, but now I can’t do it without learning some business." More and more aunts feel this way. Two weeks ago, nanny Huang Shufen went to a twin family for an interview. The other party felt that she lacked knowledge of nutrition, medicine and nursing, and soon eliminated her. Huang Shufen gritted her teeth and planned not to go anywhere during the Spring Festival, but to concentrate on improving her business at home and then sign up for a training class after the Lantern Festival.
In line with the new requirements of the new era, the Regulations put forward that domestic service should be included in the vocational education plan and vocational training plan, and the corresponding subsidy mechanism should be established. In addition, vocational schools and institutions of higher learning should be supported to offer domestic service-related majors and practical training courses, and domestic service institutions should be encouraged to carry out domestic service vocational education.
Ye Yingbo talked about an "episode": The "Regulations" solicited opinions from the public many times. Among them, legislative questionnaires were distributed through various channels such as the Internet, the media and information platforms, and more than 100 quality suggestions were collected. Many people mentioned the need to strengthen the professional training of domestic service personnel. Wenzhou Red Cross Society even proposed that the training of emergency rescue knowledge and skills should be included in the training plan of domestic service. After this suggestion was adopted, it was well received by the masses.
"I hope that our career development will get better and better." Huang Shufen’s expectation is approaching reality step by step.
Entering the family service market in Wenzhou, we can find that the domestic service institutions with the integration of production and education have begun to take shape. Each lattice shop is a housekeeping company, equipped with a consulting service desk, a vocational training area, a housekeeping service skill evaluation area and a training hall. In the entrepreneurial workshop area, a number of entrepreneurial innovation teams have been introduced to drive more high-quality domestic service personnel to find jobs.
Chen Qiuxia founded the eyebrow-sweeping talent housekeeping company after 1980s, with 12 members in the team. This year, many domestic service workers chose to stay warm for the New Year. Several young people specially organized aunts to learn pastry and tea art, and each time they taught 30 to 40 people, the registration was very hot.
"The Regulations also encourage the development of employee-based domestic service agencies and support brand building and chain development." Chen Yiping, director of Wenzhou family service market management office, noticed several key points: for example, municipal and county governments and relevant units can provide free vocational training; Guide domestic service agencies to give priority to the introduction of domestic service personnel who have received vocational training, vocational skill level identification, special vocational ability assessment and obtained certificates.
How to improve the quality of domestic service workers is actively explored everywhere, such as the domestic service legislation in Shanghai, which encourages employees to attend adult universities and may settle down after obtaining diplomas, in order to stimulate the enthusiasm and sense of gain of domestic service workers.
"Wenzhou trained 10,000 domestic service personnel last year and will continue to train 15,000 this year." Chen Yiping said that to promote the upgrading and expansion of the domestic service industry is to make every employed entrepreneur feel proud of the industry.
Do it with peace of mind and establish a dispute mediation mechanism
Many people are concerned that the domestic service referred to in the Regulations mainly includes three categories: care, cleaning and cooking.
"This is not only the daily needs of families, but also the most concentrated area of contradictions and disputes in domestic service." Zhang Kang Dao, executive deputy director of the office of the joint conference on promoting the upgrading and expansion of domestic service industry in Wenzhou, said that the more specific the content of the Regulations, the more practical it means to implement them.
A few days ago, an employer found Xu Haixia indignantly, because in less than a month, three aunts in his family had quit, and one of them invited and spent 6,800 yuan. After only two days, he was "dug" by another family for 8,000 yuan.
This is not the first time that Xu Haixia has encountered such troubles. Her housekeeping company currently has more than 1,000 aunts, but none of them are employees of the company. Some aunts come and go whenever they want, and the turnover of people is frequent, so the company has no choice.
It is necessary to strictly "enter" and "exit" with high quality. The "Regulations" pointed out that domestic service agencies should conclude contracts with domestic service parties according to law, and the model text should be uniformly formulated by the municipal human resources and social security departments. Moreover, after the completion of domestic service, employers can evaluate the service quality on the domestic service management platform, and domestic service agencies should also accept and coordinate the complaints of both domestic service parties.
"Form a complete process like online shopping. Auntie can’t be dishonest, and the intermediary can’t be a shopkeeper." Zhang Kang Road said that the service has just started after Auntie was sent to the door, and the housekeeping service code presented before entering the door will play the role of service tracking later, sharing data with the public credit information service platform, and relevant service quality evaluation information will be kept for the next employer to check. "With the constraints, Auntie will not dare to’ jump orders’ at will".
Being under the same roof, there are differences in experience, personality, lifestyle and cultural concepts, which will inevitably lead to friction. What should I do if there is a contradiction between my employer and my aunt? According to the "Regulations", domestic service industry organizations should establish a dispute mediation mechanism, and record the handling situation and service evaluation together in the work files of domestic service personnel.
In recent years, in order to improve the satisfaction of all parties with domestic service, many places are actively innovating. After "Aunt Changshan" entered the market, it started the tracking system, and the relevant departments regularly investigated her working conditions, including employer evaluation, reasons for changing employers, etc. Those who failed were included in the "blacklist", and those who insisted on continuous employment for three years were rewarded with certain funds. In addition, Hangzhou Sanwei Home Economics Service, Ningbo Home Economics Pioneer Park, Taizhou Family Service Center and other platforms are gradually improving the service feedback mechanism.
It should not be ignored that the coverage and beneficiaries of domestic service standardization in various places are still limited. For example, there are only more than 20 domestic service companies in Wenzhou, but there are nearly 4,000 registered domestic service agencies. In contrast, the relevant exploration has only taken the first step to break the problem.
"For us, the core significance of legislation lies in full coverage and the improvement of domestic service standardization from point to point." I-ping Chen believes that the healthy development of the industry and the market cannot be separated from the support of laws and regulations.
In the process of repeatedly studying the Regulations, the Standing Committee of Wenzhou Municipal People’s Congress added a provision: "Encourage domestic service industry organizations to formulate industry service standard guidelines and service price guidelines". Ye Yingbo said that after the implementation of the "Regulations", the competent authorities of the industry should also speed up the introduction of relevant implementation rules to guide the domestic service market to form a fairer and more reasonable business environment, so that ordinary people can enjoy "please get, afford and rest assured" domestic services. (Reporter Qian Yi, Zhang Yiying and Wang Yanqiong)
Wenzhou Exploration of Domestic Service
2018yearfivemoon
Wenzhou family service market opened, becoming the first comprehensive family service market in Zhejiang.
2019year2moon
trainingoneTen thousand domestic service personnel, supporting the construction of domestic service information traceability system and credit file query management system, promote domestic card door-to-door service. The project was included in the "Top Ten Livelihood Facts" in Wenzhou that year.
2019yeareightmoon
Wenzhou Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security drafted the Regulations of Wenzhou Municipality on the Administration of Domestic Service Industry (draft for comments).
2019year11moon
Wenzhou, Hangzhou and Changshan were selected as the "leaders" in upgrading and expanding the domestic service industry in China, and they were the key cities to be promoted.
2020yearfourmoon
Carry out domestic service outlets into community work and establish domestic service outlets.50Training domestic workers.1.2Ten thousand people; Vigorously promote the card door-to-door service system and increase the number of cardholders.oneTen thousand people, free physical examination.oneTen thousand people. The project was included in the "Top Ten Livelihood Facts" of Wenzhou in that year.
2020yearsixmoon
The 30th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress of Wenzhou conducted the first trial of the Regulations of Wenzhou Municipality on the Administration of Domestic Service Industry (Draft).
2020year10moon
Wenzhou jiancheng community homemaking convenience service station51Home, training domestic service personnel13574Person-times, free physical examination and new card-holding domestic workers11062human
2021year2moon
Carry out housekeeping convenience actions and add housekeeping convenience service points.50A, training domestic service personnel1.5Ten thousand person-times, new card and free medical examination.oneTen thousand people. The project was included in the "Top Ten Livelihood Facts" of Wenzhou in that year.
2021year2moon
The Sixth Session of the 13th Wenzhou Municipal People’s Congress voted to pass the Regulations on Domestic Service in Wenzhou.
Reporter Wang Yanqiong Qian Yi finishing